Виберіть наступне рішення:
Розпізнання тексту ГДЗ що на зображені:
ex. 2
The Carpathians are shared by seven Conical and Eastern European Coun'tries (Csech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia encl Montenegro, Slovakla and Ukraine), four of which have recently joined the European Union.
The Carpathians are one of the largest mountain chains in Europe, with a unique ecosystem and an exceptionally high biological diversity. The region pro-
vides a livelihood and natural resources for up to '18 million people. These mountains also serve as a haven for a considerable number of endangered species such as the brown bear, wolf, lynx, and raptors. With close to 4,000 partly endangered plant species, the Carpathians account for 30 per cent of the European flora.
The Mountains form so called buffer zones and corridors that favour trans- boundary dispersal of plants, migration of birds and animals and also genetic diversity conservation throughout Europe. Forest ecosystems of the Carpathians play especial role for biodiversity conservation, contribute into the nature protection and water resources regulation and provide resources for timber industry in the region.
In the last centuries more exhaustive use of natural resources vastly weakened abilities of the biodiversity to self-renovation everywhere. Destructive processes of biodiversity loss affected the Carpathian region too. Hery and expanded agrarian industry, forestry and hunting practices distorted ecological balance in the region and threaten biological diversity, firstly unique and endangered species. In the same time Ukrainian Carpathians are only area in Europe where virgin forests and unique flora and fauna species exist.
Endangered Species
in the Carpathian Mountains
Wof f
Although approximately five million people live in and around the Romanian Carpathians, wolves„along with bears and lynxes, have one of their European strongholds in this mountain range.
They are distributed alniost continuously over the Carpathian Mountains and their population densities are very high compared to other parts in Europe.
After World War II, wolves were present in all forested parts of itomania and numbered over 4,000 animals. However, excessive livestock depredation occurred and as a result in 1955, tlie governnient launched a canipaign to control wolf numbers.
Intensive hunting, trapping, searching for wolf dens to kill the pupa, and particularly the use of poison, reduced wolves to a low level up until the late sixties. By 1967, the wolf population had declined to about 1,500 and only the remoteness of the mountains and the increasing number of deer and wild boar saved the wolf from even further decline.
Due to the fact that other species, such as brown bears, wild boar, and birds of prey, also suffered from poisoning, the use of poison was forbidden in 1991.
Until then, the wolf population had continued to increase slowly and, according to official numbers, reached about 3,100 individuals in 1996. This represents about 30 '/o of all European wolves west of Russia.
Brown Bear
Few animals have captured the imagination like brown bears. They can stand on two legs, have eyes in the front of their heads, walk on the soles of their feet, pick things up with their 'fingers', eat what we eat and nurse their young as we do.
Brown bears can grow to a huge size, males up to 350kg, females to 200kg. The biggest brown bear was caught in Romania — 480kg.
Their diet varies with the season, from grass and shoots in the spring to berries and apples in the summer, nuts and plums in the fall and all year round they eat roots, insects, mammals and reptiles, and, of course, honey.
Bears leave scratch marks on trees. The marks can be easily recognised by three to five parallel scratches in the bark from i he nails of tile paw.
They have good hearing, an excellent sense of smell anrl can live for up to 30 years. The males are solitary animals, sociallslng only dill'lng thc iilatlng season. The Carpathians are honie to about 8,000 brown bears in Slovakia, Poland, the Ukraine and Romania„ the second largest population in Europe.
Bears are considered of high priority in conservation. Given their dependence on large natural areas, they are important management indicators for a number of other wiMli fe species.
I.ynx
Lynx are like most cats: they have terrific eyesight, especially at night, and better hearing than humans.
That's why it's so difficult to spot them; they are most active in the early morning and late at night — when they can see, but we can' t.
The Eurasian lynx in the Carpathians normally live above I000 m, resting on cliffs and rocks, out of human reach, but watching and curious all the time. In wintertime, they may follow their prey down to lower altitudes where there is less snow.
But they never at tack people or other large rarnivores such as bears or wolves. Bears and wolves sometimes steal their kill, so the lynx has adaptecl by hiding leftovers beneath rocks, leaves or branches.
Lynx feed off hares, birds, wildcats, chamois, deer, boar and sometimes stray dogs, but not livestock like the other carnivores. So they' re not a nuisance to people.
The lynx population in the Carpathians is officially estimated to be about 2,500— the densest in Europe.
- Пошук книги по фільтру
